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Northwestern Medicine scientists have uncovered how a major Parkinson's disease gene disrupts the brain's most vulnerable dopamine-producing neurons before detectable neuronal loss. The study offers new clues for developing treatments that target the disease in its earliest stage

Parkinson's disease affects more than 10 million people worldwide. The disease is characterized by the buildup of abnormal clumps of the protein alpha-synuclein inside brain cells, but scientists have long struggled to understand exactly how these toxic forms of the protein cause

Congenital heart disease affects approximately two in every 100 newborns globally. But why does it occur? An important part of the answer may lie in a previously unknown mechanism on the surface of our cells. Researchers from the University of Copenhagen identified this mechanism

Beginning around age 50, the brain’s memory center appears to lose many of its longtime immune cells and replace them with more inflammatory ones. This surprising shift may help explain how normal aging sets the stage for Alzheimer’s disease and dementia.

A massive analysis of immune cells in human tissue is yielding clues to the root causes of lung and autoimmune diseases.

A protein that can dial down oxidative stress in cells helps some cancers resist treatment with a widely used class of drugs called BTK inhibitors, according to a study led by investigators at Weill Cornell Medicine. The discovery points to a possible solution to the problem of B

A human kidney is built once, before birth, and the rules guiding its construction have been largely inferred from animal models. Researchers at Penn Medicine have now read those rules directly in human tissue. They found that developing cells are steered by soluble signals relea

A study published in Nature Cell Biology reports a new vulnerability in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) that might lead to novel therapies to treat the cancer while minimizing harm to normal cells. Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine and collaborating institutions studied a ne

Cancer cells rely on powerful genetic switches to keep growth genes running at full speed, but that intense activity can damage their own DNA. The resulting breaks are repeatedly repaired, sometimes with small mistakes that allow new mutations to accumulate. Researchers believe t

Fluorescent dyes have long been used in biological research to identify and visualize structures within living cells. Although effective, they have several drawbacks, including altering the cells under study, limiting the number of structures that can be examined at once and redu

A protein that evolved long before the human circulatory system may help unlock stronger cancer treatments. When C3 is produced inside tumors, it blocks immune-suppressing cells and gives immunotherapy a better chance to work. Researchers were even able to recreate this effect in

Neck and low back pain affect millions worldwide and are a leading cause of disability. Degeneration of the disks that cushion the spine is a leading cause. Current treatments can relieve symptoms but do little to slow the underlying disease. Now, researchers from Thomas Jefferso